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The firefighters union has called on the judge chairing the Grenfell Tower Inquiry to recommend changing the stay put advice given to residents of high-rise buildings going forward.
Giving a closing statement to the Grenfell Inquiry for the Fire Brigades Union, lawyer Martin Seaward said: “[It is] properly understood the ‘stay put’ evacuation strategy directs residents to leave if affected by smoke, heat or fire, and so the label is misleading. We invite all core participants and the chair to consider a change of advice to residents going forward.”
It claimed that the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea (RBKC) was responsible, under fire safety regulations, to have an evacuation plan for the tower and did not.
It said call centre staff and firefighters had no training in evacuating buildings.
“The total building failure of Grenfell lies at the heart of all the major problems faced by the emergency services on the night. However, even recognising that, a lack of any practical contingency evacuation plan, and the training and confidence to implement it, limited the good work which the emergency services could do,” the submission said.
It also criticised the inquiry for focusing so closely on the actions of firefighters in its first phase. “By starting with a microanalysis of the emergency response, the [inquiry] risks inflating the significance of anything the emergency services might have done differently in face of the unfolding disaster,” it said. “It cannot explain how the building became a ‘highly combustible death trap’, nor why the [residents] and the emergency services were put in the awful, we say impossible, position of dealing with the inferno that resulted.”
The London Fire Brigade’s (LFB) own closing submission did not address whether it should have foreseen these events but did focus on the fact that while previous fires have spread across cladding, the scale of the Grenfell Tower fire was “unprecedented”.
Rydon, PSB and Celotex, companies which were involved in the refurbishment of the tower, declined to give closing statements on the final day of inquiry.
The companies did, however, provide written submissions which were published by the inquiry online.
Lawyers representing the survivors of the fire and the bereaved also gave closing statements this week.
Some chose to criticise the LFB for its handling of the fire, with Sam Stein QC telling the inquiry that commissioned Dany Cotton and her leadership team “are not fit to run” the service, having “failed to consider the unfolding evidence before this inquiry”.
Others, including the lawyer representing Behailu Kebede, in whose flat the fire started, called on inquiry chair Sir Martin Moore-Bick to confirm that the tower refurbishment tower did not meet the required standards.
Lawyer Alice Jarrett gave a closing statement for Kensington and Chelsea Tenant Management Organisation (KCTMO), which managed Grenfell Tower.
She pointed out that a number of other organisations, notably the RBKC, also knew about the materials being used in the cladding that was installed on Grenfell Tower during the refurbishment of the building.
In RBKC’s statement, the council said: “It is well understood in the construction industry that the fact that local authorities have a building control function does not remove the duties on those paid to design buildings.”
In its written closing statement, Rydon questioned whether Mr Kebede stored any materials in his kitchen near the fridge beyond a mop and bucket, and raised the possibility that he may have left his window open.
“The evidence of the residents of flat 16 is that on the night of the fire, there was only a mop/ brush and bucket kept in the corner space,” it said. “The exact nature of the materials that were located in the corner space is highly likely to have a significant impact on the fire’s behaviour in the very early stages, since these materials would have been among the first involved in the fire.”
It added: “Rydon would invite the inquiry to find that, at least, the smaller kitchen window was wide open.”
Meanwhile, Arconic, which provided the cladding, argued that without the failures of other fire safety features of the building, the flammable cladding would not have caused loss of life.
The inquiry has now adjourned and will return for phase two in 2020.
Closing statements
Day 85: victims' lawyers attack the fire brigade
Further expert evidence
Including some additional evidence from emergency call handlers, bereaved and relatives
Day 84: further evidence from survivors and relatives
Day 83: swift evacuation of tower possible if residents alerted
Day 82: initial fire was extinguished but then returned to the flat
Day 81: overheating fridge-freezer most likely cause of fire
Day 80: fire doors installed did not match product tested
Day 79: resident advised to stay put despite fire in flat
Day 78: insulation and cladding material below required standard
Day 77: molten plastic spread blaze down tower
Day 76: 'stay put' should be dropped when fire spreads across floors
Other witness evidence
Police, ambulance, gas suppliers, council, TMO and call room operators give evidence
Day 75: call room operators give evidence
Day 74: further evidence from TMO officers
Day 73: TMO boss failed to pass information to firefighters
Day 72: fire finally extinguished when gas switched off
Day 71: further questions over stay put advice
Day 70: the police evidence
The bereaved, survivors and relatives’ evidence
Day 69: video shows smoke billowing through fire door
Day 68: KCTMO removed self closing mechanism and never replaced it
Day 67: gaps in cladding fixed with duct tape
Day 66: 'don't fix broken system with a sticking plaster'
Day 65: survivor dragged disabled man down nine floors to safety
Day 64: KCTMO 'did not replace broken fire door'
Day 63: foam insulation inside cladding 'exposed' says survivor
Day 62: father gives harrowing account of son's death
Day 61: council’s management organisation slammed for faulty electrics
Day 60: stay put advice ‘led to deaths’, residents say
Day 59: residents describe problems with new windows
Day 58: survivor describes how daughter saved his life
Day 57: firefighter evidence ‘a slap in the face’, says survivor
Day 56: relations with contractor were ‘toxic’
Day 55: resident 'never happy' with stay-put advice
Day 54: tenant gives evidence about housing association
Day 53: stay put advice 'felt like trap'
Day 52: resident saved by son's phone call
The firefighters’ evidence
Day 51: firefighter feared encouraging residents to jump
Day 50: the LFB commissioner
Day 49: fire chief reveals frustration over lack of building plans
Day 48: internal fire spread 'bigger story' than cladding
Day 47: fire officer considered evacuating crews over building collapse fears
Day 46: 'we were improvising' senior firefighter admits
Day 45: firefighter urged for abandonment of 'stay put' policy
Day 44: firefighter recalls radio signal difficulties
Day 43: call hander 'uncomfortable' with insisting residents stay put
Day 42: residents only told to leave if they called fire brigade back
Day 41: breathing equipment delay 'hampered rescues on upper floors'
Day 40: chiefs told firefighters to abandon policy
Day 39: firefighters reveal dramatic rescue of children
Day 38: firefighters issue aplogies to families
Day 37: council 'unable to provide tower plans'
Day 36: QC defends inquiry process
Day 35: Javid would welcome interim recommendations
Day 34: water from hose 'too weak' to reach the flames
Day 33: 'oh my god, we've been telling people to stay put'
Day 32: further fire fighter describes lack of equipment and low water pressure
Day 31: 'incredibly difficult' task of recording information outlined
Day 30: struggle to maintain control over rescue operation described
Day 29: fire service 'overwhelmed' by survival guidance calls
Day 28: 'the building beat us'
Day 27: firefighters 'forced to abandon plans to reach roof'
Day 26: poor signage hindered rescue efforts
Day 25: water pressure left firefighting equipment 'like garden hose'
Day 24: decision to abandon 'stay put' explored
Day 23: TV images 'could have assissted' rescue effort
Day 22: description of hectic scenes in the control centre
Day 21: account from the fire service 'nerve centre'
Day 20: firefighter describes 'huge volume' of calls from trapped residents
Day 19: firefighter 'given no training on cladding fires'
Day 18: evacuation would have been 'huge catastrophe'
Day 17: firefighters describe access and lift issues
Day 16: scenes of carnage likened to 9/11
Day 15: firefighters recount trauma of survival guidance calls
Day 14: firefighters describe spread of blaze
Day 13: firefighters recall radio difficulties
Day 12: "it was like a war zone"
Day 11: questions raised over fire fighters' radios
Day 10: watch manager emotional under questioning
Day nine: lead firefighter 'not trained in stay put policy'
The expert reports: authors give evidence to inquiry
Day eight: where the fire started
Day seven: what was in the cladding?
Day six: the cause and spread of the fire
Day five: expert highlights key issues
Day four: firefighters defend response to fire
Day three: council and contractors appear for the first time
Day two: lawyers for the survivors make their case
Day one: expert evidence released on cladding and stay put
The commemoration hearings
30 May: Grenfell Council 'recognised it should not house disabled victim above four storeys'
29 May: Anger on day six of the Grenfell Inquiry
25 May: Grenfell families 'forced to live in chimney with stay put policy'
24 May: Grenfell family complained about father being housed on 17th floor
23 May: Tributes to children on third day of Grenfell hearings
22 May: Emotions run high as Grenfell bereaved shown footage of the tower burning
21 May: Grenfell victims share tributes as inquiry opens